Xbox for Windows 10 "() Unknown available" when attempting to install a game

A while back, I had an Xbox game pass trial, where I installed a few games. Since then, my subscription has lapsed, and I've upgraded a hard drive to a larger one. I moved all of my data from my old to new hard drive with a cloning application. Recently, I decided to buy the Game Pass again, but when I try to install any game, I get this window:





I can't press install, and there would normally be a drop down where I can select the drive to install on. I have 3 drives installed right now, like so:





Even under Settings > General > Game install options, when I try to pick a default drive, it gives me an empty list, like so:





Things I've tried:

• Rebooting the system
  
• Reinstalling the Xbox App
  
• Resetting the Xbox App
  
• Reinstalling Gaming Services from these troubleshooting steps
  

Windows itself and all of my apps are fully updated.

Interestingly enough, if I remove my SSD and plug in my old HDD, this problem doesn't occur. Unfortunately this isn't a solution since that particular HDD is failing and I don't have room in my PC for another drive.

It looks like maybe I could work around the issue by installing the games from the Microsoft Store instead of on the Xbox App, but that isn't ideal because the store doesn't have an option to install apps to different locations per app. I could change the default location of installed apps on the store, but in general, I want to install Windows apps on my system drive, and games on my HDD.

Anywho, I've done lots of digging on the internet and haven't found a solution that works for me yet. It definitely seems like a waste of a Game Pass sub if I can't use the Xbox App to install any games.

:)