Digital game trying to verify disc

No. You would still need the digital version. With a disc, the system uses the disc to verify you own the game. Since the Series S doesn't have a disc drive, the system can't verify ownership of a disc so the game won't run.

No. The only way to play without the disc is to purchase the game digitally. The disc is required to be in the console to verify you actually own the game.

Did you purchase them on disc or digitally?

If they were purchased on disc, the disc has to be in the drive to play the games so the system can verify you own the game.

It's possible to transfer the game data, but the disc is used to verify you own the game. Without the disc or owning the game digitally, you won't be able to play it.

The games won't show as owned since you own them on disc, not digitally. You would have to purchase them digitally in order to play them without the disc. Otherwise, the disc has to be in the drive in order to verify you own the game which is not possible
without a disc drive.