Xbox One X connect to a hard drive through a hub?

No. Only the device that has the USB plug in it can see the hub and devices connected to it.

Are you on Preview system updates (Insider Program)?

Are your hard drives powered externally, or through the USB port?

Are your hard drives connected to a USB hub instead of directly into the Xbox USB ports? (hubs may possibly cause the connection to be "weak")

Are you using a USB hub by chance to connect this hard drive? If not, you may have to format it unfortunately.

Im just plugging the hard drive into a USB slot. Not sure what what a hub is

There's not a lot a difference between hubs in terms of functionality and quality. You just need to make sure the one you're getting is rated for USB 3.0. If you need to draw significant power from a hub, like plugging in a hard drive that's solely powered
through USB (and not with an external power adapter), then you should make sure your hub is powered (it has its own power supply).

Wait... did you say you're connecting 4 Kinect adapters? Like, connecting FOUR Kinects to your Xbox One S? I'm pretty certain that it can only handle one.

Hi,

I think you might need to format your external hard drive for it to work with your Xbox One X. If this is still possible for you, connect your hard drive to your ONE S console, Format the drive, then try it again on the ONE X. Hope this helps solve the issue.

Happy Gaming!