Third party joystick

You can't plug it straight in, you'd need something like the Xim.

It does not look like it is compatible with Xbox One out of the box. You would need to use something like Xim or the adaptive controller to directly use it on the console.

You might want to look into something directly compatible, like the
Thrustmaster T.Flight HOTAS here, which is, and only marginally more expensive.

I want to mess around with a joysitck (like a aircraft one) and I want to know if the Logitech Extreme 3D Pro Joystick will work if I plug it into the USB port on the Xbox One console or would I have to buy the disability controller thing as well?

Correct, it would require a Xim, Cronos, or something similar...

I have a XIM and even still the Logitech doesn't work all that great i would go with the thrust master i have a friend who has one and it works flawlessly

You can't plug it straight in