NBA 2k22 xbox one, disk dirty or damaged, but is brand new

Hi there Tom welcome to the community forum! Christopher here, an Xbox fan just like you and has been on Xbox for years already. I would really love to make your day by helping you out. Unfortunately it seems like your game is factory damaged, I suggest contacting the retailer or you could try the basic troubleshooting (I don't think it will change things as this is the only game with the issue)

1. Turn off your Xbox using the power button on the console.

2. Once your Xbox has completely powered down, unplug the power cord from the back of the console. Don't simply unplug the cord from the wall's electrical socket — it must be disconnected from your Xbox.

3. Wait for 5 minutes, and then reconnect the power cord to both the Xbox console and the electrical socket.

4. Let another minute pass. If you're using an original Xbox One (as opposed to an Xbox One S or One X), watch for a small white light to appear on the Xbox One's power brick (the rectangular part of the power cord). Once the white light turns orange, you can turn your Xbox One back on. If you're using an Xbox One S or One X, just wait out the minute and turn it on afterwards.

Yes, but other than some clear smudges on the first copy I bought, the second one is blemish free, at least to the eye. Wouldn't what you describe leave visible defects?

Well, after I updated my console, I tried installing the game again, and it worked fine. I guess it was a software issue that made the system think the disk was damaged.

Yes, if the disc isn’t manufactured correctly the layers can delaminate and allow oxygen in, which quickly can corrode the thin metal the data is stamped on. Definitely sounds like a bad batch

Many irreplaceable Laserdisc collections where lost thanks to Columbia’s Indiana plant’s bad practices to the same issue.

It's highly possible, yes!