Elite Wireless Controller charging via USB (2.0) 5v 0.5A or 5v 1A ?

5v 1A should work fine but start at the 0.5A if that's fully charging the battery while you aren't playing it then the supply is meeting the charging demands. Long term the higher the power supplied, the lower the lifespan of the battery

If your Xbox is set to instant-on then it should continue to charge the controller even when you turn it off

Hi Nick0slicK

Here https://beta.support.xbox.com/help/hardware-network/controller/charge-elite-series-2 you will find everything you need
to know about loading your Elite Controller

Greetings

Hi, my name is Fernando and I am an independent consultant for Microsoft products.

I'll advice you to always charge your headset using the Xbox USB port, charge via USB will assist in the batteries longevity.

However you can charge it with any 5V 1A USB power supply... But.. It always better follow the manufacturer instructions....

Yes, there will. If it's connected via wire, it's going to draw power from the USB instead of the battery when it's on Bluetooth. If you open the battery compartment of the controller (or on the back of the controller in the event of an Elite Series)
it will show the power draw. I'm looking at a Project Scorpio edition controller and it says 5v -- 480mA. So there will be a 5v ~ 480mA difference in power consumption when connected via USB opposed to bluetooth; but then again, I'm no electrician.

Xbox and pc usb put out 5v but I think they put out about 1A of

current as well, it's above standard

USB spec (500mA) so charging the new pad isn't going to work, I could be wrong