Controller Thumbsticks Quit Working Unless Button Held Down or thumbstick is pushed down.

Use Windows PowerShell to Uninstall Xbox Game Bar

1. Click the Start button or hit the Windows key.
   
2. Type PowerShell and select Run as Administrator from the options on the left-hand side.
   
3. Once PowerShell opens, type in the following command and hit Enter:
   
   Get-AppxPackage Microsoft.XboxGamingOverlay | Remove-AppxPackage.
   
4. You’ll briefly see a progress bar in PowerShell as it uninstalls the Xbox Game Bar—make sure not to close PowerShell until it’s complete.
   

Hope this helps.

From what I understand, terminating the Xbox Game Bar fixes the issue. If that's the case I would recommend uninstalling it and then reinstalling it. Or, if you don't need it, you can keep it uninstalled

Can you please tell me what device you're using and if all your software/drivers are up to date?

Hi and thanks for reaching Microsoft Xbox gamer's community. My name is Josef.

I'm an Independent Advisor and a Microsoft Xbox user like you.

Hope you're doing great today despite this MLCCS

So, is this happening even using a cable?

May I know if you are able to test the controller on a different computer / console / mobile phone to see if the issue persists there?

This helps us to isolate a bit more you're issue

And, please tell me which troubleshooting steps you have done so far to fix this, in that way I can advise you different things

I'll be waiting for your reply, greetings from another Microsoft user

xbox elite controller 2, Microsoft Xbox One Wireless Adapter (this big one, not the tiny flashdrive sized one). and PC. or are you asking specs to the PC?

EDIT: Yes to everything being updated.